West Bengal is a big state of India. This state is located on the east side of India. Before getting freedom, India used to call this state all Bengal. But after the country got independence, it was named West Bengal. Kolkata is the capital of this state and it is the largest city of this state. This state is called West Bengal in Bengali language.
History of West Bengal
This state is also found in Sanskrit literature, but the complete information of this kingdom is known only from the 3rd century BC when the emperor Ashoka ruled the kingdom of Yeh pour Maurya Empire. But as soon as the effect of the Maurya Empire was reduced, the chaos was spread over a large scale on the other side.
In the 4th century, the seas in this state ruled secretly. But after that the king of Pala dynasty used to rule Bengal in Bengal. But from the 13th century to the middle of the 18th century, when the British came to India, then only Muslims were ruling Bengal on that time. Bengal was under the control of the Sultan of Delhi, but governor used to do it independently.
In 1757, British officer Robert Clive defeated Nawab Sirajuddaula of Bengal in the battle of Plassey. Today this Plassey is known by all the names of Palashi. In 1765, Emperor Shah Alam 2 of North India had given British East India Company the civil rights of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa (Odisha). Giving civil rights means controlling that region and collecting all the revenue there.
From 1834, the governor general of Bengal was called by the Governor General of India, but in 1854 all the work was done to the lieutenant governor. Since then the British Government had separated from the Government of Bengal.
In 1874 Assam's government was removed from the hands of the lieutenant governor and handed over to the chief commissioner. In 1905, the British government had thought that Bengal's rule was not being seen properly, therefore they had decided to take up the welfare of Bengal but the Hindu people strongly opposed this decision but it has no effect on the government.
They made two parts of Bengal and placed Bengal, Bihar and Orissa in one part and separates East Bengal and Assam in the other part. But the people protested so much that the British government had to change this decision and in 1911 Bengal had to unite again.
Under the Indian Government Act of 1935, Bengal was made an autonomous province in 1937. Until 1947 till the creation of India and Pakistan, Bengal was in this condition. The eastern part of Bengal in which Muslims were more were made East Pakistan (later Bangladesh) and the western part was declared as West Bengal of India.
'Some Bihar' was included in Bengal in the year 1950. In 1956, on the basis of the creation of many states of India, West Bengal was given the territory of 3140 square miles (8130 sq km) from Bihar.
After the independence, the Indian National Congress (Congress) in West Bengal had a government for three decades. But in the election of the Legislative Assembly of 1977 the Communist Party (Marxist) had won and formed the government for the first time in the state.
For the longest time in the world, there was only a communist party to maintain a government in a democratic country and they had run the government in West Bengal from 1977 to 2011. But after the 2011 assembly elections, the All India Trinamool Congress Party formed the government for the first time in West Bengal.
The Trinamool Congress Party had formed the government in collaboration with the Congress party. Mamta Banerjee is the founder and leader of this Trinamool Congress. Mamta Banerjee is honored to be the first woman Chief Minister of West Bengal.
